See awą́·se on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crow",
"lang_code": "cro",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "úuwata"
},
{
"lang": "Hidatsa",
"lang_code": "hid",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "úuwaca"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Crow-Hidatsa",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*ú·waca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lakota",
"lang_code": "lkt",
"word": "máza"
},
{
"lang": "Dakota",
"lang_code": "dak",
"word": "máza"
},
{
"lang": "Assiniboine",
"lang_code": "asb",
"word": "máza"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Dakota",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*máza"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chiwere",
"lang_code": "iow",
"word": "madhé"
},
{
"lang": "Chiwere",
"lang_code": "iow",
"word": "maⁿdhé"
},
{
"lang": "Winnebago",
"lang_code": "win",
"sense": "metal, axe",
"word": "mąąs"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*mą́·ze"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Omaha-Ponca",
"lang_code": "oma",
"word": "mǫ́·ze"
},
{
"lang": "Kansa",
"lang_code": "ksk",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "mą·ze"
},
{
"lang": "Osage",
"lang_code": "osa",
"roman": "mą́ze",
"sense": "iron, any kind of metal",
"word": "𐓨𐓘́͘𐓺𐓟"
},
{
"lang": "Quapaw",
"lang_code": "qua",
"word": "mą́ze"
},
{
"lang": "Quapaw",
"lang_code": "qua",
"word": "mǫ́ze"
},
{
"lang": "Quapaw",
"lang_code": "qua",
"sense": "iron",
"word": "mazé"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Dhegiha",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*mą́·ze"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mississippi-Valley",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*mą́·ze"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"word": "amasa"
},
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"word": "amasi"
},
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"word": "masa"
},
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "masi"
},
{
"lang": "Ofo",
"lang_code": "ofo",
"sense": "iron, pot, pottery",
"word": "amą́fi"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ofo-Biloxi",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*amą́si"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tutelo",
"lang_code": "tta",
"word": "mą·si"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tutelo-Saponi",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ohio-Valley",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*amą́·si"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*awą́·",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Siouan/awą́·"
],
[
"*Sá",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Siouan/Sá"
],
[
"mázaša",
"mázaša#Lakota"
],
[
"máza",
"máza#Lakota"
],
[
"ša",
"ša#Lakota"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sio-pro",
"2": "*awą́·<t:earth>",
"3": "*Sá<t:red>",
"lit": "red earth"
},
"expansion": "*awą́· (“earth”) + *Sá (“red”), literally “red earth”",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "mázaša",
"3": "",
"4": "copper, penny"
},
"expansion": "Lakota mázaša (“copper, penny”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "máza<t:metal>",
"3": "ša<t:to be red>",
"lit": "red metal",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "máza (“metal”) + ša (“to be red”), literally “red metal”",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *awą́· (“earth”) + *Sá (“red”), literally “red earth”.\nThough all descendant languages use this term for iron, the original meaning was likely “metal” with specific reference to copper, being the first metal widely used by Siouan-speaking peoples; iron came into use much later following European contact.\nSome descendant languages later developed new compounds to distinguish copper from iron, such as Lakota mázaša (“copper, penny”) (from máza (“metal”) + ša (“to be red”), literally “red metal”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sio-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*awą́·se",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Siouan",
"lang_code": "sio-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Siouan/awą́·se",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Siouan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"metal, possibly copper"
],
"id": "en-awą́·se-sio-pro-noun-1gnl2b~r",
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"copper",
"copper"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "awą́·se"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crow",
"lang_code": "cro",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "úuwata"
},
{
"lang": "Hidatsa",
"lang_code": "hid",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "úuwaca"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Crow-Hidatsa",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*ú·waca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lakota",
"lang_code": "lkt",
"word": "máza"
},
{
"lang": "Dakota",
"lang_code": "dak",
"word": "máza"
},
{
"lang": "Assiniboine",
"lang_code": "asb",
"word": "máza"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Dakota",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*máza"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chiwere",
"lang_code": "iow",
"word": "madhé"
},
{
"lang": "Chiwere",
"lang_code": "iow",
"word": "maⁿdhé"
},
{
"lang": "Winnebago",
"lang_code": "win",
"sense": "metal, axe",
"word": "mąąs"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hoocąk-Chiwere",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*mą́·ze"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Omaha-Ponca",
"lang_code": "oma",
"word": "mǫ́·ze"
},
{
"lang": "Kansa",
"lang_code": "ksk",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "mą·ze"
},
{
"lang": "Osage",
"lang_code": "osa",
"roman": "mą́ze",
"sense": "iron, any kind of metal",
"word": "𐓨𐓘́͘𐓺𐓟"
},
{
"lang": "Quapaw",
"lang_code": "qua",
"word": "mą́ze"
},
{
"lang": "Quapaw",
"lang_code": "qua",
"word": "mǫ́ze"
},
{
"lang": "Quapaw",
"lang_code": "qua",
"sense": "iron",
"word": "mazé"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Dhegiha",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*mą́·ze"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mississippi-Valley",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*mą́·ze"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"word": "amasa"
},
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"word": "amasi"
},
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"word": "masa"
},
{
"lang": "Biloxi",
"lang_code": "bll",
"sense": "iron, metal",
"word": "masi"
},
{
"lang": "Ofo",
"lang_code": "ofo",
"sense": "iron, pot, pottery",
"word": "amą́fi"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ofo-Biloxi",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*amą́si"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tutelo",
"lang_code": "tta",
"word": "mą·si"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tutelo-Saponi",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ohio-Valley",
"lang_code": "und",
"word": "*amą́·si"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*awą́·",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Siouan/awą́·"
],
[
"*Sá",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Siouan/Sá"
],
[
"mázaša",
"mázaša#Lakota"
],
[
"máza",
"máza#Lakota"
],
[
"ša",
"ša#Lakota"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sio-pro",
"2": "*awą́·<t:earth>",
"3": "*Sá<t:red>",
"lit": "red earth"
},
"expansion": "*awą́· (“earth”) + *Sá (“red”), literally “red earth”",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "mázaša",
"3": "",
"4": "copper, penny"
},
"expansion": "Lakota mázaša (“copper, penny”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "máza<t:metal>",
"3": "ša<t:to be red>",
"lit": "red metal",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "máza (“metal”) + ša (“to be red”), literally “red metal”",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *awą́· (“earth”) + *Sá (“red”), literally “red earth”.\nThough all descendant languages use this term for iron, the original meaning was likely “metal” with specific reference to copper, being the first metal widely used by Siouan-speaking peoples; iron came into use much later following European contact.\nSome descendant languages later developed new compounds to distinguish copper from iron, such as Lakota mázaša (“copper, penny”) (from máza (“metal”) + ša (“to be red”), literally “red metal”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sio-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*awą́·se",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Siouan",
"lang_code": "sio-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Siouan/awą́·se",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Siouan compound terms",
"Proto-Siouan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Siouan lemmas",
"Proto-Siouan nouns",
"Undetermined language links",
"Undetermined links with redundant target parameters"
],
"glosses": [
"metal, possibly copper"
],
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"copper",
"copper"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "awą́·se"
}
Download raw JSONL data for awą́·se meaning in All languages combined (4.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.